It usually occurs in the stomach and proximal duodenum. A bacteria that lives in the mucous lining of the stomach. The bicarbonate within and under the mucus helps neutralize stomach acid. An estimated 15,000 deaths per year occur as a consequence of complication of peptic ulcers. Causes gastritis can be caused by infection, irritation. Ppt peptic ulcer disease powerpoint presentation free to. Surgical management of peptic ulcer disease is still useful in cases of drug failure or for patients unable to obtain the drugs or to comply with medical therapy.
Ppt peptic ulcer disease powerpoint presentation free. Peptic ulcer can occur at any age, although they are rare in children. Peptic ulcers are deeper erosions and ulcerations that extend through the muscularis layer of the gastric or duodenal mucosa. Peptic ulcer disease pud is characterized by discontinuation in the inner lining of the gastrointestinal gi tract because of gastric acid secretion or pepsin. Gastric and duodenal ulcers usually cannot be differentiated based on history alone, although some findings may be suggestive see ddx. Gastritis, esophagitis, and peptic ulcer disease springerlink. If untreated, progression to peptic ulcer disease may occur. This protocol may be used by general practitioners, family doctors, and nurses. In united states alone around 4 million individuals are affected. Mar 25, 2020 peptic ulcer disease can involve the stomach or duodenum. Screening for aspirin or nsaids blood or urine may also be necessary in refractory h. Peptic ulcer disease is the end result of an imbalance between aggressive and defensive factors in the gastroduodenal mucosa. Mechanism of action, pharmacology, and side effects view in chinese approach to refractory peptic ulcer disease view in chinese association between helicobacter pylori infection and duodenal ulcer view in chinese cox2 inhibitors and gastroduodenal toxicity. Interestingly, those at the highest risk of contracting peptic ulcer disease are.
Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease pud affect up to 50% of adults in westernized countries. The global incidence of peptic ulcer disease and its complications at the turn of the 21st century. Epigastric pain is the most common symptom of both gastric and duodenal ulcers, characterized by a gnawing or burning sensation and that occurs after. Today medical therapy cures peptic ulcer in the vast majority of cases. The three most important causes of gastritis are helicobacter pylori infection. When these defense mechanisms are disrupted, for example, by the bacterium helicobacter pylori or aspirin, people may develop gastritis or peptic ulcer disease. The association between peptic ulcer diseases and mental. Conclusion in almost all children presenting to their treating pediatric gastroenterologist with duodenal or gastric ulcers of these patients, mucosal inflammation and less frequently, ulceration is caused by a spiral shaped, gramnegative, microaerobic. Peptic ulcer disease a chronic disease with cyclic flow and a tendency to progression, which is characterized by the formation of a defect in the lining of the stomach or duodenum due to the reduction of its security properties or increasing aggressiveness of gastric juice. Gastritis can occur suddenly acute gastritis or gradually chronic gastritis.
The mucus coats the inside of the stomach to protect it from being damaged by acid and digestive enzymes. The bacteria live in the gastric mucus and cause chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcers, and, to a lesser extent, gastric ulcers. Gastroenterologist and hepatologist sina hospital tehran university of medical sciences this slide is skipped while presenting html view of the presentation. Some of the guidelines may also help reduce the risk of developing a peptic ulcer. Often, several types of white blood cells accumulate in the stomach and cause varying degrees of inflammation. Fortunately, integrative interventions including deglycyrrhizinated licorice dgl, zinccarnosine, and lactobacillus reuteri have powerful ulcerhealing. In menetrier disease, fluid retention and swelling of the tissues edema may occur because of loss of protein from the inflamed stomach lining. Dyspepsia refers to upper abdominal pain or discomfort and may be associated with fullness, belching, bloating, heartburn, food intolerance, nausea, or vomiting.
People who eat spicy foods and consumes excess alcohol people with poor eating habits like irregular taking of food people taking aspirin or other pain killers for a long time infection of stomach caused by hpylori can cause peptic ulcers and gas problems people who are overweight or obese how can it be managed. Approximately 500,000 new cases are reported each year, with 5 million people affected in the united states alone. Other complications of some forms of gastritis include gastric carcinoma and gastric lymphoma. Descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, management and prevention. Recognize the symptoms of and risk factors for gastritis, gastropathy, and peptic. Interestingly, those at the highest risk of contracting peptic ulcer disease are those generations born around the middle of the 20th century. Pain is most common, often localized to the epigastrium and relieved by food or antacids. The scarring and narrowing of the stomach outlet that can result from gastritis, especially from radiation gastritis and eosinophilic gastritis, can cause severe nausea and frequent vomiting. Peptic ulcer disease merck manuals professional edition. Other causes include stress secondary to mucosal ischemia and autoimmune gastritis. Up to 90% of peptic ulcers are due to the colonization of h.
Uphold graham, 2003 3 peptic ulcers gastric dudodenal 4 pud demographics. Jan 14, 2014 aetology aetology of peptic ulcer disease is multifactorial. There are many treatment options available see drug treatment of stomach acid. It extends into the muscularis propria layer of the gastric epithelium. A circumscribed ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa occurring in areas exposed to acid and pepsin and most often caused by helicobacter pylori infection. Generally, an ebook can be downloaded in five minutes or less. A basic paradigm for ulcer disease is the imbalance between the digestive activity of acid and pepsin and the protective mechanisms in place to resist mucosal digestion. Learn more about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of peptic ulcers at webmd. Aetology aetology of peptic ulcer disease is multifactorial.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Peptic ulcer disease symptoms, treatment, pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the association between the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease pud and mental health problems, such as severe stress, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation the populationbased crosssectional study was comprised of 14,266 subjects participating in the fourth annual korea national health and nutrition examination survey from 2007 to 2009. Peptic ulcer is a hole or open sore in the lining of the stomach, duodenum beginning of the small intestine or oesophagus. Too much stomach acid can irritate an ulcer, which. Limit or avoid foods that cause a large increase in stomach acid. A duodenal ulcer is a peptic ulcer that develops in the first part of the small intestine duodenum. Recognize the symptoms of and risk factors for gastritis, gastropathy, and peptic ulcer disease. Gastritis a focal or diffuse inflammation of the gastric mucosa in response to its damage with disorders of the secretory, motor, and sometimes inkretory functions.
Gastritis uk pdf ppt case reports symptoms treatment. Introduction to gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Surgical perspectives in peptic ulcer disease and gastritis. The following peptic ulcer diet guidelines may help reduce peptic ulcer symptoms, such as a pain and discomfort. Ppt gastritis powerpoint presentation free to download. Diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer disease and h. The different causes of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease will be discussed in this paper. Gastritiscausesdiagnosistreatmentpepticulceracidpeptic. Proton pump inhibitors and recurrent bleeding in peptic ulcer disease. Despite the constant attack on the gastroduodenal mucosa by noxious agents acid, pepsin, bile acids, pancreatic enzymes, drugs, and bacteria, integrity is maintained by a system that provides mucosal defense and repair. Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in childhood springerlink.
A peptic ulcer is a sore on the lining of your stomach, small intestine or esophagus. What is the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease pud. In multiple trials, vitamin c deficiency has been associated with peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, h. Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease pediatric practice. Symptoms of peptic ulcer disease depend on ulcer location and patient age. Interestingly, those at the highest risk of contracting peptic ulcer disease are those. Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease nutrition guide for. May 28, 2006 today medical therapy cures peptic ulcer in the vast majority of cases. Therefore in many areas of the world elective surgery for peptic ulcer disease has all but disappeared. Peptic ulcer disease represents a serious medical problem. Peptic ulcer disease pud is a break in the inner lining of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus. Chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer in children chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer in children chronic gastritis introduction 1.
Changes in surgical treatment of peptic ulcer disease within a veterans hospital in the 1970s and the 1980s. The degree of inflammation and imbalance between defensive and aggressive factors can then result in varying degrees of gastritis andor frank mucosal ulceration. Understand the mechanism and pathogenesis of gastritis, gastropathy, and peptic ulcer formation. Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease nutrition guide for clinicians. A peptic ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer. The most common symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are waking at night with upper abdominal pain and upper abdominal pain that improves. Infection with the bacteria helicobacter pylori occurs in 80 to 95% of patients with peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcer disease usually occurs in the stomach and proximal duodenum. A peptic ulcer is a sore in the lining of the stomach, where it is called a gastric ulcer, or the first part of the small intestine, called a duodenal ulcer. The predominant causes in the united states are infection with helicobacter pylori and use of nonsteroidal anti.
The infection produces chronic inflammation and gastritis that eventually leads to increased gastrin formation that may erode the mucosa leading to peptic ulcer. Peptic ulcer disease pud is a sore on the lining of the duodenum or stomach which occurs when the presence of some aggressive factors overwhelm that of the protective factors mucin secretion. Among the patients with gastritis or peptic ulcer, 70. Introduction to gastritis and peptic ulcer disease digestive. Complications of peptic ulcer disease bleeding most frequent complication.
It may involve the lower esophagus, distal duodenum, or jejunum. Pediatric gastritis, gastropathy, and peptic ulcer disease. Gastritis is a superficial erosion and inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Protocol for diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer in. Walsh, mdt recent advanccs have led to improved understanding of peptic ulcer pathophysiology. After completing this article, readers should be able to. An esophageal ulcer occurs in the lower part of your esophagus. Gastritis and ulcers of the duodenum or stomach can be classified either as primary or. Gastritis digestive disorders msd manual consumer version. Peptic ulcers, also known as gastric ulcers or stomach ulcers, can cause abdominal discomfort and pain. Gastritis symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj best.
Peptic ulcer disease pud digestive disease consultants. Rare forms include phlegmonous gastritis a rare bacterial infection. Around 50% of the worlds population are infected, and it has been. Nonerosive gastritis is characterized by changes in the stomach lining that range from wasting away atrophy of the stomach lining to transformation of stomach tissue into another type of intestinal tissue metaplasia. At least one author has proposed that vitamin c may help prevent reinfection in those who have been treated for h. Powerpoint ppt presentation free to view gastritis and ulcer in children title. Introduction peptic ulcer disease represents a serious medical problem. Peptic ulcer disease is common condition throughout the world. The pain is described as burning or gnawing, or sometimes as a sensation of hunger. Gitu, md, florida state university college of medicine family medicine. Frequencies 10% of the world population 611% in different sources men.
Gastritis symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj best practice. Inflammation of the gastric and duodenal mucosa is the end result of an imbalance between mucosal defensive and aggressive factors. The white blood cells may cause inflammation in the entire. Gastritis in patients on nsaid therapy appears to be related to underlying h. Take a scope and look down their esophagus to their stomach and into their duodenum to see if we can find the actual ulcer, find out where there is bleeding, if there is more than one sitethis is the best way to diagnose peptic ulcer disease. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer. Understand which patients warrant referral to a gastroenterologist for possible.
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